Elvis Presley Channeled by Karl Mollison 05Mar2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Elvis Presley Channeled by Karl Mollison 5Mar2019

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvis_Presley

Elvis Presley[a] January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977 was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the “King of Rock and Roll” or simply “the King”. 

Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old. 

His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African-American music to a wider audience. 

Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues. 

In 1955, drummer D. J. Fontana joined to complete the lineup of Presley’s classic quartet and RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, who would manage him for more than two decades.

Presley’s first RCA single, “Heartbreak Hotel”, was released in January 1956 and became a number-one hit in the United States. With a series of successful network television appearances and chart-topping records, he became the leading figure of the newly popular sound of rock and roll. 

His energized interpretations of songs and sexually provocative performance style, combined with a singularly potent mix of influences across color lines during a transformative era in race relations, made him enormously popular—and controversial. 

In November 1956, Presley made his film debut in Love Me Tender. Drafted into military service in 1958, Presley relaunched his recording career two years later with some of his most commercially successful work. He held few concerts however, and guided by Parker, proceeded to devote much of the 1960s to making Hollywood films and soundtrack albums, most of them critically derided. 

In 1968, following a seven-year break from live performances, he returned to the stage in the acclaimed television comeback special Elvis, which led to an extended Las Vegas concert residency and a string of highly profitable tours. In 1973, Presley gave the first concert by a solo artist to be broadcast around the world, Aloha from Hawaii. Years of prescription drug abuse severely compromised his health, and he died suddenly in 1977 at his Graceland estate at the age of 42. 

Presley is one of the most celebrated and influential musicians of the 20th century. Commercially successful in many genres, including pop, country, blues, and gospel, he is the best-selling solo artist in the history of recorded music. 

He won three competitive Grammys, received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36, and has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame. 

Viewer Questions for Creator Channeled by Karl Mollison 26Feb2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Viewer Questions for Creator Channeled by Karl Mollison 26Feb2019

We actually only used 6 questions in this channeling video interview because one of the questions was answered in the previous question. So here are the questions we used: 

Revised list of Viewer Questions for Creator 26Feb2019 

1) Is the story of Ezekiel’s wheel true and who were the beings that emerged from it? 

2) Who were the beings that interacted with the Dogons in Africa? 

3) Would people who were/are in an MK Ultra project such as Monarch be considered to be MAPS also? Even though they might never have been off-planet, they could have been used for violent & dark purposes here. Are those used for the Gray-Human hybrid program likely to have also been in Monarch, meaning the Earth-based program of sexual use, drug transport, assassination, & secure info transfer to politicians? If a person “washed out” from the violence by refusing to do it, would they be dropped completely or still used for sex, drug transport, & info transfer? 

4) Does this Human Freewill project encompass many other worlds? 

5) Did the Annunaki, Arcturian and/or Reptilian ET races start out as a free will project like us? 

6) If we are the only human free will project, please describe the other worlds the dark ETs have conquered? 

Once again we’d like to thank everyone for joining us and thinking about what you’ve learned. 

Maybe as a result you might be ready to act upon it. 

One of the things you can do is consider a donation to the Get Wisdom project or even becoming a Get Wisdom Supporter. Your financial assistance is imperative to the success of our mission. 

Our goal is to reach as many people as we possibly can and this, as you would expect, costs money. We are active in all areas of outreach using primarily our website GetWisdom.com including advertising, Search Engine Optimization, social media, video production, transcription, translation, internet radio and word of mouth. 

We also offer Lightworker Healing Protocol sessions and on-line training, so you can support us by healing yourself, loved ones, locations and companion animals or learning how to do the Lightworker Healing Protocol yourself. 

Your gift of healing, generous donations and/or monthly support helps us to make significant progress in all of these areas. We are very serious about this work and we also appreciate and encourage your prayers for us and the Get Wisdom mission. Please visit GetWisdom.com and make a donation or become a Get Wisdom Supporter. 

Time is short and we need your help now.

Mata Hari Channeled by Karl Mollison 19Feb2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Mata Hari Channeled by Karl Mollison 19Feb2019

From https://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/matahari.htm

Mata Hari 7 August 1876 – 15 October 1917 was the stage name Dutch-born Margaretha Zelle took when she became one of Paris’ most popular exotic dancers on the eve of World War I. Although details of her past are sketchy, it is believed that she was born in the Netherlands in 1876 and married a Dutch Army officer 21 years her senior when she was 18. 

She quickly bore him two children and followed him when he was assigned to Java in 1897. The marriage proved rocky. The couple returned to the Netherlands in 1902 with their daughter (their other child, a son, had died mysteriously in Java). It was reported that the family was poisoned by a servant. 

Margaretha’s husband obtained a divorce and retained custody of his daughter. 

Margaretha then made her way to Paris where she reinvented herself as an Indian temple dancer thoroughly trained in the erotic dances of the East. 

She took on the name Mata Hari and was soon luring audiences in the thousands as she performed in Paris, Berlin, Vienna, Madrid and other European capitals. She also attracted a number of highly-placed, aristocratic lovers willing to reward her handsomely for the pleasure of her company. 

With the outbreak of World War I, Mata Hari’s cross-border liaisons with German political and military figures came to the attention of the French secret police and she was placed under surveillance. 

Brought in for questioning, the French reportedly induced her to travel to neutral Spain in order to develop relationships with the German naval and army attaches in Madrid and report any intelligence back to Paris. 

In the murky world of the spy, however, the French suspected her of being a double agent. In February 1917 Mata Hari returned to Paris and immediately arrested; charged with being a German spy. Her trial in July revealed some damning evidence that the dancer was unable to adequately explain. 

She was convicted and sentenced to death. 

In the early-morning hours of October 15, Mata Hari was awakened and taken by car from her Paris prison cell to an army barracks on the city’s outskirts where she was to meet her fate.

Mary Magdalene Channeled by Karl Mollison 13Feb2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Mary Magdalene Channeled by Karl Mollison 13Feb2019

Mary Magdalene, was a Jewish woman who, according to the four canonical gospels, traveled with Jesus as one of his followers and was a witness to his crucifixion, burial, and resurrection. 

She is mentioned by name twelve times in the canonical gospels, more than most of the apostles. 

Mary’s epithet Magdalene most likely means that she came from the town of Magdala, a fishing town on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. 

The Gospel of Luke 8:2–3 lists Mary as one of the women who traveled with Jesus and helped support his ministry “out of their resources”, indicating that she was probably relatively wealthy. The same passage also states that seven demons had been driven out of her, a statement which is repeated in the longer ending of Mark, Chapter 16 verse 9. 

In all four canonical gospels, she is a witness to the crucifixion of Jesus and, in the Synoptic Gospels, she is also present at his burial. All four gospels identify her, either alone or as a member of a larger group of women, as the first witness to the empty tomb,[2] and the first to testify to Jesus’ resurrection. For these reasons, she is known in many Christian traditions as the “apostle to the apostles.” 

Mary is a central figure in later apocryphal Gnostic Christian writings, including the Dialogue of the Savior, the Pistis Sophia, the Gospel of Thomas, the Gospel of Philip, and the Gospel of Mary. These texts, which scholars do not regard as containing accurate historical information, portray her as Jesus’ closest disciple and the only one who truly understood his teachings. 

In the Gnostic gospels, Mary Magdalene’s closeness to Jesus results in tension with the other disciples, particularly Simon Peter. 

During the Middle Ages, Mary Magdalene was conflated in western tradition with Mary of Bethany and the unnamed “sinful woman” who anoints Jesus’ feet in Luke 7:36–50, resulting in a widespread but inaccurate belief that she was a repentant prostitute or promiscuous woman. 

Elaborate medieval legends from western Europe tell exaggerated tales of Mary Magdalene’s wealth and beauty, as well as her alleged journey to southern France. 

The identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the unnamed “sinful woman” was a major controversy in the years leading up to the Reformation and some Protestant leaders rejected it. During the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church used Mary Magdalene as a symbol of penance. 

In 1969, the identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the “sinful woman” was removed from the General Roman Calendar, but the view of her as a former prostitute has persisted in popular culture.

Mary Magdalene is considered to be a saint by the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutheran churches—with a feast day of July 22. Other Protestant churches honor her as a heroine of the faith. The Eastern Orthodox churches also commemorate her on the Sunday of the Myrrh bearers, the Orthodox equivalent of one of the Western Three Marys traditions. Speculations that Mary Magdalene was Jesus’ wife or that she had a sexual relationship with him are regarded by most historians as highly dubious.

Amelia Earhart Channeled by Karl Mollison 05Feb2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Amelia Earhart Channeled by Karl Mollison 05Feb2019

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia_Earhart

Amelia Mary Earhart was born July 24, 189 and disappeared July 2, 1937.

She was an American aviation pioneer and author. 

Earhart was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. She received the United States Distinguished Flying Cross for this accomplishment.[5] She set many other records, wrote best-selling books about her flying experiences and was instrumental in the formation of The Ninety-Nines, an organization for female pilots. 

In 1935, Earhart became a visiting faculty member at Purdue University as an advisor to aeronautical engineering and a career counselor to women students. She was also a member of the National Woman’s Party and an early supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment. 

During an attempt to make a circumnavigational flight of the globe in 1937 in a Purdue-funded Lockheed Model 10-E Electra, Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan disappeared over the central Pacific Ocean near Howland Island. Fascination with her life, career, and disappearance continues to this day. 

Earhart was a widely known international celebrity during her lifetime. Her shyly charismatic appeal, independence, persistence, coolness under pressure, courage and goal- oriented career along with the circumstances of her disappearance at a comparatively early age have driven her lasting fame in popular culture. Hundreds of articles and scores of books have been written about her life, which is often cited as a motivational tale, especially for girls. Earhart is generally regarded as a feminist icon. 

Earhart’s accomplishments in aviation inspired a generation of female aviators, including the more than 1,000 women pilots of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) who ferried military aircraft, towed gliders, flew target practice aircraft, and served as transport pilots during World War II. 

The home where Earhart was born is now the Amelia Earhart Birthplace Museum and is maintained by The Ninety-Nines, an international group of female pilots of whom Earhart was the first elected president. 

Integral to formation of the questions used for today’s channeling are the significant contributions of The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery aka TIGHAR and the work of Thomas King PhD author of Unrescued. 

About Tom King 

Thomas F. King, PhD 

I’ve worked for the last 50+ year in archaeology and historic preservation, in government and in the private sector, in the United States and the Pacific Islands. I’m a reformed former U.S. government employee, now self-employed as a cultural heritage and environmental impact assessment consultant based in Silver Spring, Maryland. I work mostly with American Indian tribes in efforts to use historic preservation laws and policies to prevent the destruction of places important to them. From 1997 until 2018, I was The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery’s (TIGHAR’s) Senior Archaeologist and a member of its Board of Directors. In this role I took part in multiple research visits to Nikumaroro Atoll in Kiribati and elsewhere, testing the hypothesis that Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan wound up there after their 1937 disappearance. I’ve authored and edited textbooks, tradebooks and many journal articles about archaeology and historic preservation, and two novels about the Earhart mystery. I hold a PhD in anthropology from the University of California, Riverside. I maintain two weblogs, at https://crmplus.blogspot.com/ and https://ameliaearhartarchaeology.blogspot.com/ My books are described at https://www.amazon.com/Thomas-F.-King/e/B001IU2RWK/ref=la_B001IU2RWK_st?qid=1394198577&rh=n%3A283155%2Cp_82%3AB001IU2RWK&sort=daterank. I regularly give public lectures on the Earhart disappearance and on using U.S. law to control the destruction of historic and cultural places. Contact info: tomking106@gmail.com

Mae Brussell Channeled by Karl Mollison 22Jan2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Mae Brussell Channeled by Karl Mollison 22Jan2019

From https://feralhouse.com/the-essential-mae-brussell/ & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mae_Brussell

Mae Magnin Brussell May 29, 1922 – October 3, 1988 was an American radio personality. 

She was born in Beverly Hills, California. Her father, Edgar Magnin, was a Reform rabbi at the Wilshire Boulevard Temple. Her paternal great-grandparents, Isaac Magnin and Mary Ann Magnin, were the founders of I. Magnin, an upscale women’s clothing store in San Francisco, California. 

She attended Stanford University in Palo Alto and received an Associate degree from the University of California, Berkeley. 

Distraught by the murder of President Kennedy, she purchased all 26 printed volumes issued by the Warren Commission report, and attempted to make sense of them by cross-indexing the entire work. Mae was disturbed by the contradictory information and unreported realities she discovered. 

As a result, she subscribed to many major newspapers and magazines, whose stories she filed and organized, uncovering connections and patterns behind government and corporate malfeasance that she found disturbing. 

Her career in radio started in May 1971, when as a guest on the independently owned radio station KLRB, she questioned the 26-volume Warren Commission Hearings. She suggested Lee Harvey Oswald might not have been the only person involved in the assassination of the president. 

She became a weekly guest. 

Shortly after, she became the host of Dialogue: Conspiracy, later renamed World Watchers International. 

From 1983 to 1988, she hosted the same show on KAZU, a radio station based in Pacific Grove, CA. 

Additionally, she wrote articles that were published in The Realist, a magazine published by Paul Krassner. An impressed John Lennon donated money so Krassner could afford to print Mae Brussel’s work. She also published articles in Hustler, People’s Almanac, and the Berkeley Barb. 

Brussell was profiled on episode six of Slate’s Slow Burn podcast. She was married, and had five children. 

She inspired an entire generation of anti-Fascist conspiratorial investigations. 

“Mae’s work may be more relevant now than in her heyday. Like those of many other freedom fighters throughout history, the ghost of Mae Brussell will never rest till justice is served.”—Tim Cahill 

“The main Brussell thesis, if I dare risk commit the sin of summary on her complex work, was that an ex-Nazi scientist-Old Boy OSS clique in the CIA using Mafia hit men changed the course of American history by bumping off one and all, high and low, who became an irritant to them.”—Warren Hinkle, San Francisco Examiner columnist 

She remained on the air weekly until her final broadcast in June 1988. She died of cancer on October 3, 1988 in Carmel, California. 

See https://www.maebrussell.com/Mae%20Brussell%20Articles/Mind%20of%20Mae%20Brussell.html

 

Indira Gandhi Channeled by Karl Mollison 08Jan2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Indira Gandhi Channeled by Karl Mollison 08Jan2019

Indira Gandhi née Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984)

She was an Indian politician, stateswoman and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was the first and, to date, the only female Prime Minister of India. 

Indira Gandhi was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India. She served as Prime Minister from January 1966 to March 1977 and again from January 1980 until her assassination in October 1984, making her the second longest-serving Indian Prime Minister after her father. 

Gandhi served as her father’s personal assistant and hostess during his tenure as Prime Minister between 1947 and 1964. During her stay in Great Britain, Indira frequently met her future husband Feroze Gandhi (no relation to Mahatma Gandhi), whom she knew from Allahabad, and who was studying at the London School of Economics. The marriage took place in Allahabad according to Adi Dharm rituals though Feroze belonged to a Zoroastrian Parsi family of Gujarat. The couple had two sons, Rajiv Gandhi (born 1944) and Sanjay Gandhi (born 1946).Their marriage lasted 18 years, until Feroze died of a heart attack in 1960. 

She was elected President of the Indian National Congress in 1959. Upon her father’s death in 1964 she was appointed as a member of the Rajya Sabha (upper house) and became a member of Lal Bahadur Shastri’s cabinet as Minister of Information and Broadcasting. In the Congress Party’s parliamentary leadership election held in early 1966 (upon the death of Shastri), she defeated her rival Morarji Desai, to become leader, and thus succeeded Shastri as Prime Minister of India. 

Gandhi wrote: “I am in no sense a feminist, but I believe in women being able to do everything…Given the opportunity to develop, capable India n women have come to the top at once.” While this statement appears paradoxical, it reflects Gandhi’s complex feelings toward her gender and feminism. Her egalitarian upbringing with her cousins helped contribute to her sense of natural equality. 

As Prime Minister, Gandhi was known for her political intransigency and unprecedented centralization of power. She went to war with Pakistan in support of the independence movement and war of independence in East Pakistan, which resulted in an Indian victory and the creation of Bangladesh, as well as increasing India’s influence to the point where it became the regional hegemon of South Asia. 

Citing fissiparous tendencies and in response to a call for revolution, Gandhi instituted a state of emergency from 1975 to 1977 where basic civil liberties were suspended and the press was censored. Widespread atrocities were carried out during the emergency. In 1980, she returned to power after free and fair elections. After Operation Blue Star, she was assassinated by her own bodyguards and Sikh nationalists on 31 October 1984. 

In 1999, Indira Gandhi was named “Woman of the Millennium” in an online poll organized by the BBC.

 

Malcolm X Channeled by Karl Mollison 05Jan2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Malcolm X Channeled by Karl Mollison 05Jan2019

From https://www.biographyonline.net/politicians/american/malcom-x.html

Malcolm X (1925 – 1965) was an influential African-American leader of the 1960s. Initially, he was a member of the Nation of Islam, which advocated the separation of black and white Americans. He later converted to Sunni Islam and founded the Organization of Afro-American Unity. 

Malcolm X advocated Pan-Africanism and black self-determination. Unlike the mainstream civil rights movement, Malcolm X rejected the philosophy of non-violence and defended the judicial use of self-defense.

He was assassinated on February 21, 1965. 

“Let the government know that if they don’t stop the Klan, we’ll stop it ourselves.. by any means necessary… Now.. the press calls us racist and people who are violent in reverse… Well, if a criminal comes around your house with his gun, brother.. it doesn’t make you a robber because you grab your gun and run him out.” 

Malcolm Little was born in Omaha, Nebraska, May 19, 1925. His father was a Baptist preacher and staunch supporter of Marcus Garvey – a radical exponent of black rights. Later, Malcolm’s father was murdered by locals. 

As a youngster, he was shocked when he told his teacher he wished to become a lawyer. His teacher responded. “Lawyer, that’s no realistic goal for a nigger… Why don’t you plan on carpentry?” 

Malcolm said that after that sobering experience his attitude to the white establishment soured. 

As a teenager, Malcolm became heavily involved in selling drugs in Harlem’s criminal world. He was often on the run from the police, and at age 21 he was arrested and sentenced to 10 years in Charlestown State Prison. He gained a nickname ‘Satan’ for his anti-religious attitude. However, during his time in prison, he became increasingly receptive to the message of Islam brought to him by his brother Reginald. 

On release from prison, he became closely involved with the Nation of Islam under Elijah Muhammad. Possessing powerful skills of oratory and persuasion, Malcolm X was made the minister for the Nation of Islam’s New York Temple. 

The Nation of Islam became an important faction in the civil rights movement. They were more militant than the non-violent civil rights movement and were often criticized for being unpatriotic. 

Malcolm X said about being American. “Sitting at the table [with nothing to eat] doesn’t make you a diner. Being here in America doesn’t make you an American.” 

In 1963, Malcolm X split from the Nation of Islam after revelations of the leader Elijah Muhammad having fathered children with former secretaries. His decision to leave created great animosity, and he received many threats in the next few years. 

“It is incorrect to classify the revolt of the Negroes as simply a racial conflict of black against white.. Rather we are today seeing a global rebellion of the oppressed against the oppressor, the exploited against the exploited…”– Malcolm X 

He made a pilgrimage to Mecca and travelled around the world becoming an international celebrity. He was struck by the degree of interracial harmony in the rest of the world. 

On February 21, 1965, he was assassinated in New York, by members of the Nation of Islam. 

As he did in life on Earth, he reveals much to us as a Light Being, never pulling a punch and telling us about the mutation many would rather not hear.

Leonardo da Vinci Channeled by Karl Mollison 01Jan2019

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Leonardo da Vinci Channeled by Karl Mollison 01Jan2019

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci

Leonardo da Vinci 15 April 1452 – 2 May 1519), was an Italian polymath of the Renaissance whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, and cartography. He has been variously called the father of palaeontology, ichnology, and architecture, and he is widely considered one of the greatest painters of all time. Sometimes credited with the inventions of the parachute, helicopter, and tank, he epitomized the Renaissance humanist ideal. 

Many historians and scholars regard Leonardo as the prime exemplar of the “Universal Genius” or “Renaissance Man”, an individual of “unquenchable curiosity” and “feverishly inventive imagination”, and he is widely considered one of the most diversely talented individuals ever to have lived. 

According to art historian Helen Gardner, the scope and depth of his interests were without precedent in recorded history, and “his mind and personality seem to us superhuman, while the man himself mysterious and remote”. Marco Rosci notes that, while there is much speculation regarding his life and personality, his view of the world was logical rather than mysterious, although the empirical methods he employed were unorthodox for his time. 

Leonardo was born out of wedlock to notary Piero da Vinci and a peasant woman named Caterina in Vinci in the region of Florence, and he was educated in the studio of Florentine painter Andrea del Verrocchio. Much of his earlier working life was spent in the service of Ludovico il Moro in Milan. He later worked in Rome, Bologna, and Venice, and he spent his last years in France at the home awarded to him by Francis I of France.

Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter. The Mona Lisa is the most famous of his works and the most parodied portrait, and The Last Supper is the most reproduced religious painting of all time. His drawing of the Vitruvian Man is also regarded as a cultural icon, being reproduced on items as varied as the euro coin, textbooks, and T-shirts. 

His painting Salvator Mundi sold for $450.3 million at a Christie’s auction in New York on 15 November 2017, the highest price ever paid for a work of art. Perhaps 15 of his paintings have survived. Nevertheless, these few works compose a contribution to later generations of artists rivaled only by that of his contemporary Michelangelo, together with his notebooks, which contain drawings, scientific diagrams, and his thoughts on the nature of painting. 

Leonardo is revered for his technological ingenuity. He conceptualized flying machines, a type of armored fighting vehicle, concentrated solar power, an adding machine, and the double hull. Relatively few of his designs were constructed or even feasible during his lifetime, as the modern scientific approaches to metallurgy and engineering were only in their infancy during the Renaissance. Some of his smaller inventions, however, entered the world of manufacturing unheralded, such as an automated bobbin winder and a machine for testing the tensile strength of wire. A number of his most practical inventions are displayed as working models at the Museum of Vinci. He made substantial discoveries in anatomy, civil engineering, geology, optics, and hydrodynamics, but he did not publish his findings and they had no direct influence on later science. 

Was Leonardo the premiere time traveler in his day?

 

Albert Einstein Channeled by Karl Mollison 25Dec2018

This Video Requires a  FREE  Participant Membership or Higher

  

Albert Einstein Channeled by Karl Mollison 25Dec2018

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein

Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955)

was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics). His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He is best known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which has been dubbed “the world’s most famous equation”.

He received the 1921 Nobel  Prize in Physics “for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect”, a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory.

Near the beginning of his career, Einstein thought that Newtonian mechanics was no longer enough to reconcile the laws of classical mechanics with the laws of the electromagnetic field. This led him to develop his special theory of relativity during his time at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern (1902–1909), Switzerland.

However, he realized that the principle of relativity could also be extended to gravitational fields, and he published a paper on general relativity in 1916 with his theory of gravitation. He continued to deal with problems of statistical mechanics and quantum theory, which led to his explanations of particle theory and the motion of molecules. He also investigated the thermal properties of light which laid the foundation of the photon theory of light. In 1917, he applied the general theory of relativity to model the structure of the universe.

Except for one year in Prague, Einstein lived in Switzerland between 1895 and 1914, during which time he renounced his German citizenship in 1896, then received his academic diploma from the Swiss federal polytechnic school (later the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH) in Zürich in 1900.

After being stateless for more than five years, he acquired Swiss citizenship in 1901, which he kept for the rest of his life. In 1905, he was awarded a PhD by the University of Zurich. The same year, he published four groundbreaking papers during his renowned annus mirabilis (miracle year) which brought him to the notice of the academic world at the age of 26. Einstein taught theoretical physics at Zurich between 1912 and 1914 before he left for Berlin, where he was elected to the Prussian Academy of Sciences.

In 1933, while Einstein was visiting the United States, Adolf Hitler came to power. Because of his Jewish background, Einstein did not return to Germany. He settled in the United States and became an American citizen in 1940.

On the eve of World War II, he endorsed a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt alerting him to the potential development of “extremely powerful bombs of a new type” and recommending that the US begin similar research. This eventually led to the Manhattan Project.

Einstein supported the Allies, but he generally denounced the idea of using nuclear fission as a weapon. He signed the Russell–Einstein Manifesto with British philosopher Bertrand Russell, which highlighted the danger of nuclear weapons. He was affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, until his death in 1955.

Einstein published more than 300 scientific papers and more than 150 non-scientific works. His intellectual achievements and originality have made the word “Einstein” synonymous with “genius”.

Eugene Wigner wrote of Einstein in comparison to his contemporaries that “Einstein’s understanding was deeper even than Jancsi von Neumann’s. His mind was both more penetrating and more original than von Neumann’s. And that is a very remarkable statement.”