How closely related to anger is hate, and what is the difference?

The two are on the spectrum of negativity that is directed usually towards something outside the self but can be directed inwardly at the self as well. We would make the distinction that anger is an initial response to something and might be transient, it might well fade quickly if someone rushes in to explain a misunderstanding so it is clear the anger is unjustified, and then can be squelched by the person themselves listening to a reasoned argument and shown evidence it is misdirected—that would be a normal reaction. Hatred is a longer-term proposition, a state of being where there are inner beliefs that something deserves one’s judgment and animosity, and there will be an inner predisposition to recreate such feelings whenever the target comes into view because the beliefs will dictate how one reacts given such an opportunity, or forced into a position to deal with an outside source of aggravation that is mistrusted and judged as an enemy of the self in some respect, whether a person or an institution. So anger may or may not be connected to strong inner beliefs but can quickly become hatred within people who are predisposed to expect things to be angry about and will simply add the label of "hated" to any and all-comers who disappoint them. This creates quite a legacy because that individual’s world will grow darker by the day and the more they encounter people and circumstances that trigger inner hatred, the less joy and happiness they will experience. In a sense, it is surrendering your joy and happiness to an outside influence of some kind by deciding you are going to feel bad whenever you are around it or have to deal with it in some way, and so you will pay a price, in effect, a penalty, with each such encounter. It will darken you, drag you down, make you miserable, and in effect cause inner wounding because all judgment has a karmic consequence—it will darken the soul through a wounding in parallel. Even as you send harsh thoughts about a person or a circumstance you are subjected to, it is throwing you out of alignment to do so, and that lowering of your self will have consequences assigned to you because of your decision and reaction to ongoing circumstances, and acting in a way that is not highest and best. The ideal is to take precautions when one is roused to anger, to find a way to heal that emotion. It will often lead to a practical solution that diffuses the situation, and satisfies an aggressor even, by being cooperative, evenhanded, and dispassionate in sorting through the concerns at hand and coming to a compromise or a just solution that will satisfy all parties. And then the need for anger goes away and will not proceed to create inner beliefs that require hatred as a component when an association is made with that stimulus. By defusing the anger, satisfying the need of a would‑be aggressor to neutralize things, one in effect heals the situation before healing of the soul and the inner being become necessary through allowing wounding to take place from the encounter.